Who Invented The Printing Machine? History Of Printing Machine - Biography of Johannes Gutenberg

Inventor of the Printing Machine - Johannes Gutenberg. Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg is a German metal artist and creator who gained fame thanks to his contributions in the field of printing technology. Gutenberg (1398- 3 February 1468) The tradition renamed it as a movable type creator in Europe, an improved block printing system already used in the region.

His main work, the Gutenberg Bible (also known as the 42-line Bible), has been recognized to have a high aesthetic and technical quality. Gutenberg is also recognized for introducing oil-based inks that are more durable than water-based inks that were once used. As a printing material he uses manuscripts made of animal and paper leather, the latter being introduced in Europe from China by means of Arabs several centuries ago. 

Biography

Gutenberg was born in the city of Mainz, Germany, as the youngest son of the upscale merchant Friele Gensfleisch zur Laden, from his second wife, Else Wyrich. According to some reports Friele is a goldsmith for the bishop in Mainz, but he is also likely to trade cloth as a source of income. The year of Gutenberg's birth is not known exactly but most likely around 1398. 

He received his initial training as a goldsmith. In 1411, there was an uprising in Mainz, so he had to move to Strasbourg and stay there for 20 years. In Strasbourg, he continued his life by making metal goods. Gutenberg produces a small mirrored ornament for sale to Christian pilgrims. He then returned to Mainz and worked as a goldsmith.

The invention of printing

Printing Machine - Johannes Gutenberg

Gutenberg's printing machine (illustration)

Gutenberg was not the first inventor, as evidenced by the very simple form of printing that can be found in China and Korea around 175 AD. The look is upside down on the wood, and then the bronze has been made this year. The tool is then spiked with ink and placed on a piece of paper and gently rubbed using a bamboo stick.

The big break came around 1440 by Johannes Gutenberg from the city of Mainz, Germany. Gutenberg invented a method of casting letters on a metal alloy made of lead. These pieces can be emphasized onto the top of the page for printing. Gutenberg's method of discovery of printing as a whole depends on several elements above the incorporation of several East Asian technologies such as paper, blocking of logs and possibly removable printing, Bi Shen's creation, coupled with the increasing demand of the European community for the reduction of the prices of books made of paper. This typing method lasts for about 500 years.

Johannes Gutenberg's work in the printing press began around 1436 when he was working with Andreas Dritzehan, someone who had been guided by Gutenberg in cutting gems, and Andreas Heilmann, the owner of a paper mill. But the official record only appeared in 1439 when there was a lawsuit against Gutenberg; the existing witnesses talked about Gutenberg prints, metal inventory (including lead), and typewritten prints.

Gutenberg's most important idea came when he worked as a goldsmith in Mainz. He came up with the idea of ​​producing a letter of forgiveness by forming a letterhead to print a pardon letter with so much that he would earn a lot of money to pay off his debts when he worked as a metalworker first. At that time, books and letters were written with Latin script with their hands and contained many mistakes when copying, and the other shortcomings were slow.

Therefore, Gutenberg first makes a reference to metal letters using lead to form Latin script. At first, Gutenberg was forced to make nearly 300 letters to mimic handwritten forms of handwriting. After that, Gutenberg made it for them a moving press machine to print. This mobile printing machine is Gutenberg's biggest contribution. After refining his mobile printing press, Gutenberg printed thousands of pardons that were abused by the Catholic Church for money. This misuse is the culmination of a rebuttal rather than some like Martin Luther. 

Biblical printing

In 1452, Gutenberg obtained a loan from Johann Fust to start a famous Bible printing project. However, Gutenberg was dismissed from the management of the Bible printing before he was fully prepared because Gutenberg was accused of printing letters of forgiveness, calendars and light reading books as a spare time. However the resulting Bible is still known as the Gutenberg Bible containing 42 lines per page prepared on August 15, 1456 and is regarded as the oldest printed book in the western world.

Two hundred copies of the Gutenberg Bible have been printed, a fraction (about 50) printed on the skin of a heifer. The beautiful and expensive Gutenberg Bible is sold for three years the salary of an average worker. The book was sold at Franfurt Book Fair in 1456. Roughly, almost a quarter of Bible Gutenberg is still well preserved today. 

Invention and other contributions

In addition to being an expert in the field of printing, Gutenberg also creates printing by-products such as ink and letter print. Ink used is made of a mixture of oil, copper, and lead are still good color. The ink is a different form of ink for plain writing because the printing ink is thicker and more sticky. Gutenberg has also perfected a mixture of metal to form letter prints with newly used lead, antimony and tin combinations up to the 20th century. 

Gutenberg is also believed to be working whose job is to prepare the Encyclopedia Catholicon of Johannes de Janua, 748 pages thick with 2 rooms each page and 66 rows every single room. At the end of his life he was accepted as a companion to the great bishop of Mainz.

Life Magazine considers the Print Machine to be the most remarkable invention of the last 1000 years. It is important to realize that the alphabet may be the key to the success of the printing press. 

Death

In 1468 Gutenberg died of a Heart Attack, and was buried in the Franciscan church of Mainz.

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